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Pre-pump autologous blood collection may reduce the need for intraoperative transfusion of allogenic non–red-cell blood products in patients undergoing complex aortic surgery with hypothermic circulatory arrest. A larger study is needed to clarify the influence of this association on patient outcomes and resource utilization.

Here, we evaluate the benefit of CS in a large number of patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery at a designated PBM centre. We hypothesised that the use of CS is associated with a decreased proportion of patients exposed to RBC transfusion as an individual measure in a comprehensive PBM program.

Bedside erythrocyte washing was clinically feasible and greatly reduced concentrations of soluble factors thought to be associated with transfusion-related adverse reactions, increasing concentrations of cell-free hemoglobin while maintaining acceptable (less than 0.8%) hemolysis.

Triple combination technique is safe and cost-effective in coronary artery bypass surgery. We think that most of the patients could be operated without blood transfusion with this technique.

Based on the pooled results of the available literature, RAP is associated with a significant reduction in intraoperative and whole hospital allogeneic red cell transfusion. Use of RAP may prevent hemodilution of cardiac surgical patients and thus, lessen transfusions. Additional high-quality prospective studies are necessary to determine the ideal priming volume necessary to confer the greatest benefit without incurring organ injury.

After accounting for baseline differences, platelet transfusion was not linked with perioperative complications in cardiac surgery patients. Given the small number of observational studies, these findings should be considered hypothesis generating.

After an exhaustive investigation, less than 4 units transfusion and less than 0.03 MPa suction pressure are recommended for intraoperative salvage autotransfusion.

Large‐volume AWB collection and reinfusion are feasible in selected cardiac surgical patients, and may be associated with prohemostatic effects according to thromboelastometry, warranting further investigation with a prospective randomized study.

Prospective coagulation testing marginally improves prediction of CCB during and after cardiac surgery but the clinical impact of this is small when compared to prediction using clinical characteristics.

The results demonstrate feasibility of utilizing the minimum amount of drug in order to achieve a desired effect. Both 4-factor PCC and rFVIIa appear to be safe and effective options for the management of bleeding associated with cardiac surgery.

We found that the higher the degree in UDPB was associated with higher mortality independently to EuroScore II and CPB duration for adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

The CWA is currently used for many applications in the clinical setting, including the monitoring of hemophilia patients and patients receiving anticoagulant therapy and the differential diagnosis of diseases.

The Quantra QPlus System significantly correlated with TEG5000, suggesting that this test may be used in a similar clinical context. Despite the strength of correlation between Quantra and TEG parameters, measurements are not interchangeable.

Ultimately, randomized multicenter trials are needed to further address optimal ratios of blood product transfusion during MTP in trauma patients on CPB.

In heparin-spiked blood, ACT is sensitive to heparin at levels of ≥0.1 IU/ml heparin. In ICU-patients, ACT did not correlate with UFH dose or other established methods. Both systems were differently influenced by certain parameters.

The use of a bloodless protocol for Jehovah’s Witnesses does not appear to significantly impact upon clinical outcomes when compared to non-Witness patients, and it has even been suggested that a bloodless approach could provide advantages to all patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Larger cohorts and research across multiple centres into the long term outcomes of these patients is required.

Our results indicate a strong correlation between fibrinogen activation and serum fibrinogen concentration. The maximum amplitude of activator f can estimate low fibrinogen concentration faster than traditional methods; this method quickly provides important information for anesthesia and hemostatic management in cardiac surgery.

In cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, low-dose tranexamic acid seems to be an appropriate regimen for reducing bleeding outcomes. This meta-analysis has to be interpreted with caution because the results are observational and dependent on the lack of bias of the predicted tranexamic acid exposures and the quality of the included studies.

In conclusion, fXII deficiency is a very rare disorder that is manifested by elevated aPTT and ACT values. Timely diagnosis, adequate perioperative coagulation monitoring, and postoperative prophylaxis with LMWH will minimize the occurrence of complications.

We estimate that patients with secondary polycythemia may benefit from acute normovolemic hemodilution to reduce their hematocrit levels while undergoing cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass. However, it is necessary to control the hematocrit level, since a significant decrease can cause side effects.

Haemostatic tests have provided useful insight into the haemostatic changes following prothrombin complex concentrate or fresh frozen plasma administration. A definitive trial is needed to ascertain the benefits and safety for each.

The present study did not resolve uncertainty as to transfusion management in ECMO, although several studies (most of them in VV ECMO) demonstrated that a restrictive threshold has acceptable outcomes in single-center cohorts.

The participants found that simple IAT is under-utilised in resource-limited settings. Missed opportunities to use IAT were mainly associated with armed conflict settings and obstetrical emergencies.

While challenging, the effective management of CPB‐associated coagulopathy can significantly improve patient outcomes.